Objective: The aim of this thesis is to search medical databases to make a narrative review of the literature on currently available rehabilitation procedures after lumbar intervertebral disc protrusion operations and, based on the obtained results, describe the most optimal approach in rehabilitation. Methods: To prepare this paper, the literature was reviewed in databases relevant to the field of physical and rehabilitation medicine: PubMed and Cochrane Central. Key words used: intervertebral disc displacement, lumbar vertebrae, surgery, discectomy, rehabilitation, exercise therapy. For the analysis of this work, a review of the obtained articles selected four studies, three of which compared the effectiveness of exercise in relation to the control group, and one compared the effectiveness of water exercises and exercises with progressive resistance to lumbar extension. Results: To objectify the results, all studies used certain tests and measurement scales. Their control measurements showed a better effect in the experimental groups, which had dynamic stabilization exercises of higher intensity as well as progressive resistance exercises for the intervention. Good results were also achieved by the group that did the exercises in the water. Another interesting result is that there is no difference in performance if the exercises are performed under the supervision of a physiotherapist or done independently. Conclusion: It has been unequivocally proven that therapeutic exercises with education provide the most effective improvement of clinical and functional parameters in patients after lumbar spine disc surgery. It remains undefined what exactly the exercise program should be, what form and types of exercises should be performed, the intensity and frequency and what brings the greatest and longest lasting effect.