Pneumothorax is a condition which occurs as a result of air entering the pleural space resulting in partial or complete collapse of the lungs. Pneumothorax can occur spontaneously, as a result of pre-existing lung disease or trauma, or iatrogenically during medical procedures. The diagnosis is made by physical examination and X-ray of the lungs. In most cases, pneumothorax is resolved by thoracic drainage. The goal of surgical treatment is to eliminate the possible source of air entry into the pleural cavity and to prevent recurrence of pneumothorax. The pleural space can be accessed in two ways: by thoracotomy or minimally invasive surgical approach, the so-called videothoracoscopy. With specific skill set as well as individual approach, building trust in both child and his parents which results in reduced feelings of discomfort and fear is expected from nurse. The fundamental goal of nursing care is the prevention of problems that occur in preoperative and postoperative health care. An individual approach as well as professionally performed nursing procedures greatly help in easier acceptance of the disease and recovery, thus contributing to the preservation of the child's physical and mental health