This master thesis was done as a systematic review of the literature with the aim of identifying randomized studies that compare operative and non-operative treatment methods for Achilles tendon ruptures in order to conclude which one is more successful in terms of repeated ruptures, complications and overall functional outcomes. The search was performed within three databases, including PubMed, ReserchGate and Web of Science, and after the elimination of articles according to the set research criteria, five randomized studies were selected for access to further analysis. The studies include 484 patients with Achilles tendon rupture, of which 244 underwent surgical treatment and the remaining 240 patients underwent non-operative treatment. The results of various tests have shown that the surgical approach has a lower risk of rerupture. Namely, in the surgical group of patients, rerupture occurred in 3.27% of cases, while in the non-surgical group this proportion was 9.58%. As expected, major complications were recorded in the surgical group, most often related to infections and soft tissue conditions. Regarding functional outcomes, most studies did not find significant clinical differences between groups in terms of strength, range of motion, lower leg circumference, or Leppilahti score. Precisely because of the lower risk associated with rerupture of the Achilles tendon, younger patients are most often subjected to surgical treatment, while older patients and people with malignancy are mostly referred to non-operative treatment.