The breast is a paired symmetrical organ, located on the anterior thoracic wall. There are many different pathological processes that appear in the breast. Some of the most common conditions include fibrocystic breast disease, breast cancer and calcifications. Radiological techniques, screening methods, play a very important role in finding and diagnosing pathological conditions in the breast. The most widely used radiological examination of the breast is mammography. It's mostly digitized today, but the conventional one is still in use. Mammography device produces X-rays to obtain the image. There are two standard projections in mammography, craniocaudal (CC) and mediolateral oblique (MLO). With mammography, second frequent examination is breast ultrasound. The ultrasound image is obtained with piezoelectric crystals in the probe. It produces nonionizing radiation, which is why it is most commonly used in patients in their reproductive age. It's fast and inexpensive but requires a certain level of knowledge, skills and experience. Radiological techniques rarely used to diagnose the condition in the breast are computerized tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR). CT produces ionizing radiation while MR produces nonionizing radiation, and besides the morphological, it also provides functional visualization of the tissue. Both techniques are digital, with excellent contrast between the breast tissue, providing the possibility of subsequent image processing and providing insight into the transverse, sagittal and coronary plane of the body. MR is used to diagnose breast diseases only in difficult cases because of long duration of examination, mostly with some other research. Because of its high cost and radiation dose, CT is used to estimate the invasion of breast cancer and metastasis. A new radiological method used to check the pathological processes in the breast is tomosynthesis. It is a three-dimensional radiological technique that works on the basis of tomography. Exposures are pulsed while the X-ray tube moves in arc form above the receptor. The image provides a layered representation of the tissue, without summation. Each of the radiological methods described herein has its advantages and disadvantages in diagnosing various pathological conditions in the breast. There is no ideal radiological method to show all changes in the breast, so selecting the appropriate methods for a patient depends on several factors.