Infection is a biological process that occurs when pathogenic microorganisms enter and multiply in the host's body, causing a local or general reaction. Urinary catheter-related urinary tract infections are the most common nosocomial infections and represent a serious public health problem that affects approximately 150 million people annually. According to prevalence studies, 17.5% of patients in Europe and 23.6% of patients in the United States were catheterized. One-time catheterization causes urinary tract infection in only 1% of patients, while within five days of placement of the urinary catheter bacteriuria occurs in 10 - 27% of hospitalized persons. Nurses are of particular importance in the prevention of urinary tract infections in patients with a urinary catheter because many preventive interventions fall within their remit. The urinary catheterization procedure itself must be performed by an aseptic technique, which should be used throughout the procedure, and all accessories must be sterile and disposable. For the introduction of a urinary catheter, the nurse should prepare the patient, accessories, room, and herself. It is important to carry out regular hand hygiene of the staff, all for infection prevention. Once the appropriate catheter size and material has been selected, the nurse should take care of the daily monitoring of the urinary catheter, drainage system, meat toilet, and care for the patient. A urinary catheter should be placed over a person’s thigh, so as not to put pressure on the tube and prevent the flow of urine through the tube. Urine samples for diagnostic tests with the introduced catheter should be taken by an aseptic technique. The goal of daily monitoring is to review the need for a urinary catheter daily. If a urinary catheter is no longer needed, it should be removed. The most common problems that occur in patients who have a urinary catheter are a high risk of infection and a reduced ability to take care of themselves - elimination. Today, the prevention procedure, which, in addition to encompassing the necessary catheterization and handling equipment, is an extended and patient-centered approach. It is extremely important to educate the staff, especially the newly employed staff, and to teach the patient and his family.