Objectives: The aim of this paper is to present molecular testing of the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes in patients with ovarian cancer in order to detect pathogenic mutations for the purpose of applying targeted therapy in their treatment. Material and methods: The material used for analysis can be blood or tumor tissue of operated patients. Procedures for DNA isolation, measurement of DNA concentration and sequencing with the help of commercially available kits are described. Results: The results obtained by sequencing are processed by software and ultimately a report is obtained that shows in detail all detected mutations in the patient's sample. The obtained mutations are selected according to their pathogenicity. Conclusion: Molecular testing of the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes, i.e. detection of mutations in patients with ovarian cancer, is important in order to determine the correct targeted therapy. In order to determine the presence of mutations, it is necessary to isolate DNA from a blood sample or from the patient's tumor tissue, and then sequence it. Patients with the presence of pathogenic mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 are candidates for targeted therapy with PARP inhibitors.