Aim: To determine the frequency of the most common knee injuries in female volleyball players and types of physiotherapy procedures and prevention methods applied. Methods: On a sample of 126 elite female volleyball players in the senior age category, who participate at the highest level of the Croatian volleyball competition, an anonymous Questionnaire of the most common knee injuries in female volleyball players and methods of prevention (Penga et al.), was applied by an on-line method. Results: One of the most important findings indicates that 31.75% of elite Croatian female volleyball players competing at the highest level have had a severe form of a knee injury. The highest prevalence and localization of pain in volleyball players in this study are defined in the patella region (on/above/below), with a relative value of 50%. The most common prevention method in volleyball refers to the Perfection of volleyball skill drills, with a very high percentage of 97.62%. The prevention method that refers to the Regulation of body mass is the least used procedure, with a value of 36.68%. The physical therapy method, which includes Electroprocedures (TENS, ultrasound, laser, electrical stimulation, magnetic therapy) is used most frequently (65.00%), as well as Manual massage (62.50%). Exercises to strengthen upper leg muscles and Proprioception exercises (e.g., balance board exercises) are most frequently applied as kinesitherapeutic procedures (81.08%), widely applied in both rehabilitation and injury prevention. Moreover, 46.03% of female volleyball players declare that there is a physiotherapist available in their club, however, not as an employee, but rather as an external associate. Conclusion: The professional contribution of this paper is reflected in the new finding regarding the use of the most frequent methods of prevention and rehabilitation in elite female volleyball players, as well as the determination of descriptive parameters of the most common knee injuries in one of Croatia’s jumping sports, and the lack of physiotherapists in expert teams of volleyball clubs. Furthermore, previous findings were confirmed regarding the lack of a standardized protocol of injury prevention procedure, determination, and rehabilitation of injury. The scientific contribution can be defined, according to the author’s findings, as the first research of this type conducted on superleague players, members of all ten volleyball clubs competing at the highest competition level. The findings indicate a high incidence of knee injuries, which was somewhat expected, but can be explained by a large number of younger players in senior teams, the lack of educated medical staff, and the necessity for implementing a central register of all injuries within responsible volleyball associations. Future research should aim at increasing the number of subjects to include the rest of the volleyball players, members of the teams competing in some of the Croatian volleyball leagues, to expand the research to include male volleyball players, to determine the metric characteristics of the newly-constructed questionnaire, i.e., to validate, and if necessary, modify the questionnaire with new items.