Thoracic endovascular repair of the aorta (TEVAR) is a minimally invasive technique. It is now the preferred treatment, replacing the traditional method of open descending thoracic aortic replacement for most diseases of the descending thoracic aorta. It has been shown to have lower morbidity and mortality rates, particularly among high-risk groups. It was initially used in the treatment of aortic aneurysms, but the indications have expanded to include the treatment of aortic dissections, traumatic aortic transections, and penetrating aortic ulcers. Degenerative aneurysms of the thoracic aorta are on the rise; open repair of descending thoracic aortic aneurysms is associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality. Repair of isolated aneurysms of the descending thoracic aorta using stent grafts was introduced in 1995, and in an anatomically appropriate subgroup of patients with aneurysms of the thoracic aorta, repair with an endovascular stent graft provides favorable outcomes, with reduced intraoperative morbidity and mortality compared to open repair. The foundations of successful thoracic endovascular aneurysm repair are appropriate patient selection, thorough pre-procedure planning and careful execution of the procedure. The work of the nursing team is necessary because it performs continuous observation of the patient and needs to make quick decisions, which requires the postoperative period due to the possible development of unwanted complications. Nurses, along with other healthcare professionals, must identify and prevent complications, acting immediately and contributing to a reduction in hospital stay.