Meningitis refers to the inflammation of the meninges, which can be caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites. Today, the most common bacterial causes in the general pediatric population are N. meningitidis and S. pneumoniae, while in children under three months, the most frequent causes are Streptococcus agalactiae and Escherichia coli. The clinical picture of meningitis varies depending on the child’s age and includes fever, headache, photophobia, rash, and meningeal signs resulting from irritation of the meninges. Early diagnosis is crucial and is based on the clinical picture and cerebrospinal fluid analysis. If bacterial meningitis is suspected, antibiotic therapy should not be delayed. In treatment, ceftriaxone is the most commonly used antibiotic. In some cases, there are long-term consequences, the most common being hearing loss. Viral meningitis is most commonly caused by enteroviruses, and the clinical picture does not differ significantly from bacterial meningitis, with treatment being mostly symptomatic. Meningococcal sepsis is an emergency condition involving a systemic reaction of the body, with the most severe form being fulminant sepsis, which progresses rapidly and can lead to septic shock and organ failure. Symptoms in affected individuals include fever, rash, leg pain, changes in consciousness, and sometimes intensive care is required. Treatment of meningococcal sepsis is very similar to that of bacterial meningitis, but in some cases, additional measures for advanced life support are needed. The role of the nurse in caring for a child with meningitis and meningococcal sepsis is important. The nurse participates in the initial assessment of the child and recognition of symptoms and signs, participates in diagnostic procedures, and administration of antibiotic therapy. During the child’s hospitalization, the nurse actively educates the patient and their family.