The postpartum period or midwifery is a time of healing for a woman and her adaptation to a new role in life. The functioning of the organs and organ systems that were, until now, adapted to pregnancy and childbirth returns to its original state. The mother's mental state is influenced by major changes in the hormonal system, so the period after childbirth is sensitive for her, and sometimes dangerous. With the delivery of the placenta, progesterone levels, which were 10-15 times higher than those during the luteal phase, and estrogen levels, which are up to 30 times higher than the reference values before pregnancy, drop sharply. These large hormonal amplitudes associated with structural and functional changes in the brain make the mother vulnerable. It is extremely important to provide support to the partuirent woman during this period in order to eliminate or alleviate possible disorders. Almost 80% of women in the puerperium go through the "baby blues", a smaller number experience severe emotional instability (postpartum depression - PPD), while extreme pathological conditions are extremely rare (postpartum psychosis). Physical and mental preparation of the partuirent woman, her inclusion in education and support systems, and education of partners and families about the importance of their role helps the mother in adapting to her new role. Various studies have shown that the majority of partuirent woman are dissatisfied with the support they receive in the postpartum period. Likewise, it is a worrying fact that the vast majority of women in labor do not seek help because they are afraid of misunderstanding, do not want to show their vulnerability and/or consider mental disorders a "taboo" topic. WHO describes the postpartum period as the most critical, but also the most neglected phase in the life of the mother and newborn. By strengthening all links of a healthy support system and demolishing the image of the "ideal mother" imposed by society, we will help the mother to return to her social role of stable mental and physical health as soon as possible.