Title Uloga medicinske sestre/medicinskog tehničara u grupnom tretmanu PTSP-a
Title (english) THE RULE OD NURSE IN A GRUOP THERAPY FOR PTSD
Author Josip Podrug
Mentor Vesna Antičević (mentor)
Committee member Ante Obad (predsjednik povjerenstva)
Committee member Rahela Orlandini (član povjerenstva)
Committee member Vesna Antičević (član povjerenstva)
Granter University of Split (University Department of Health Studies) Split
Defense date and country 2017-07-19, Croatia
Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE Clinical Medical Sciences
Abstract Posttraumatski stresni poremećaj (PTSP) je psihijatrijski poremećaj koji može nastati kod osoba koje su bile izložene životno ugrožavajućem iskustvu odnosno traumatskom događaju. Vrste takvih trauma ili stresora su u konačnici jako različite. Kreću se od događaja kao što su prirodne katastrofe, nasilje nad civilima, ratne traume, psihičko, fizičkog te seksualnog zlostavljanja pojedinca. PTSP prvo je opisan kod vojnika koji su sudjelovali u američkom građanskom ratu. Psihičke probleme u vojnika koji su sudjelovali u Prvom Svjetskom ratu, stručnjaci tog doba su smatrali funkcionalnim pa su ih označavali terminom pod nazivom "šok od granate". Po završetku Drugog svjetskog rata, primjećene psihičke smetnje kod ratnih sudionika nazivale su se ˝neurozama˝. Akutni PTSP-a se javljaju unutar 3 mjeseca od traumatskog događaja,a kronični PTSP se javlja nakon 3 ili više mjeseci. Liječenje PTSP-a uključuje biološku, socijalni i psihološku komponentu. Izdvaja se psihoterapija koja dominira u području liječenja ovakvog tipa psihijatrijskog poremećaja. Ona se može se odvijati kao indvidualni razgovor sa psihijatrom ili na način grupne terapije koja pokazuje veliki napredak i široki spektar djelovanja osobe u svakodnevnom životu. Što se tiče dijagnosticiranja ovakvog psihijatrijskog poremećaja Međunarodna klasifikacija MKB-10 prvenstveno služi za klasifikaciju bolesti i uzroka smrti, dok se DSM-V (posebna skupina vezana za stres) koristi za dijagnosticiranje mentalnih poremećaja te se koristi na svjetskoj razini. Prednost i specifičnog grupne terapije prvenstveno je najviše u tome što pojedinac ima priliku verbalizirati svoje osjećaje bez straha od osuđivanja, predrasuda i neprihvaćanja. Takvim djelovanjem dolazi poboljšanje emocionalnog stanja bolesnika te se stvaraju mogućnosti da članovi grupe uče o vlastitom obrascu ponašanja te vide posljedice svojih reakcija koje su pozitivne ili negativne. Grupna psihoterapija je terapijska metoda u koja koristi članove grupe kako bi pojedincu dali informaciju o njegovom ponašanju i njegovom emocionalnom stanju. Prednost i specifičnost ovakvog oblika terapije se vidi najviše u tome što pojedinac ima priliku verbalizirati svoje osjećaje bez straha od osuđivanja, predrasuda i neprihvaćanja. Uloga medicinske sestre kod osoba koji pate od posstraumatskog stresnog poremećaja vrlo je širokog aspekta djelovanja. Prije svega od komunikacijskih vještina pa sve do složenijih pocesa sestrinske skrbi za takvog bolesnika, za takav rada potrebno je iznimno mnogo empatije, volje, znanja i strpljivosti. Medicinske sestre naprave prvi kontakt s bolesnikom te provode uz njega 24 sata dnevno. Medicinske sestre uzimaju podatke i informacije za sestrinsku anamnezu kroz razgovor s članovima obitelji te samim bolesnikom. Medicinska sestra je član terapijskog tima, te mora poznavati psihičke poremećaje i prepoznati bolesnikove potrebe koje ona s aspektom zdravstvene njege može ostvariti i omogućiti.
Abstract (english) Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a psychiatric disorder that can be developed after a person was exposed to life treating experience or experience that is continuing to happen. There are different kinds of trauma or stresses. There are some that are cause by natural disaster, some by warfare trauma, violence on civilians, sexual assault, physical assault, psychological assault and others. PTSD was first described on soldiers who participated in the American civil war. Mental problems in soldiers which took part in the First World War, experts of that era considered functional and labeled the term "grenade shock". Upon completion of the Second World War, the observed psychological disturbances of war participants were termed "uncommon" acute PTSDs occur within 3 months of the traumatic event, and chronic PTSD occurs after 3 or more months and in the postponed PTSD the symptoms occur 6 months after the traumatic event. Treatment of PTSD involves biological, social and psychological therapy. One that stands the most in these types of psychological disorder is psychological one. There are different approaches for it, it can be run as an individual conversation with a psychiatrist or in a way of group therapies that indicates larger progress in behavior of people in everyday life. There are different kinds of diagnosis analysis that can be done for this type of disorders. International classification MKB-10 is primarily used for classification of sickens and cause of deaths, while DSM-V is used for diagnosis of mental disorder behavior, and it is used on global scale. Advantage of specific group therapy primarily depends on the fact that individual has a chance to verbalize feelings without the fear of being judge, without the fear of non-acceptance. With that kind of activity, the progress of the emotional state of the person in hand, comes progress. With an individual progress there is a possibility that all members of the group learn about there own patterns of that behavior, and that they can see there reactions which are going to be positive or negative. Group psychotherapy is a method that uses group members to give feedback to the individual about his behavior and his emotional state. The advantage and specificity of this type of therapy is most in the sense that an individual has the opportunity to verbalize his feelings without fear of condemnation, prejudice and disapproval. The role of a nurse on people who are suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder is very broad in scope. Starting from communication skills to more complex beginnings of sister care for such patients. There is a great deal of empathy, knowledge and patience for such work. The nurses have first contact with the patient and are carrying it 24 hours a day. The nurse takes data for the sister's history by talking to family members and the patient himself. A nurse is a member of a therapeutic team and has to know the psychic disorder and recognize the patient's needs that the health care aspect can accomplish.
Keywords
posttraumatski stresni poremećaj (PTSP)
uloga medicinske sestre
terapija (ključne riječi unio urednik)
Keywords (english)
posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
the role of the nurse
therapy (ključne riječi unio urednik)
Language croatian
URN:NBN urn:nbn:hr:176:098169
Study programme Title: Nursing (university/undergraduate) Study programme type: university Study level: undergraduate Academic / professional title: sveučilišni prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) sestrinstva (sveučilišni prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) sestrinstva)
Type of resource Text
File origin Born digital
Access conditions Open access
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Created on 2020-05-11 07:36:56