Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is an autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by loss of function of SMN1 gene, and a reduced amount of the survival motor neuron (SMN) protein. The disease is categorized into five types (0-IV), with the clinical appearance ranging from progressive muscular weakness and premature death (type 0) to limited motor neuron loss and normal life expectancy (type IV). Although SMA is clinically heterogeneous, it is still most frequent genetic cause of death in infants. Since we can not act on removing the cause of the disease, treatment of spinal muscular atrophy is symptomatic and preventive, which means that we are softening the existing symptoms and preventing complications. The main form of treatment of SMA is regular physiotherapy. Plan of rehabilitation is created individually based on the clinical assessment of the patients, with emphasis on kinesiotherapy and slowdown of muscle weakness progress. Rehabilitation is divided into three specific phases which follow on the diseases progressive nature. The process of rehabilitation starts after the accurate diagnosis has been set and lasts throughout the life of the patient. Key words: muscular atrophy, spinal, kinesiotherapy