| Abstract | Cerebrovaskularne bolesti, bolesti moždanih krvnih žila, predstavljaju danas jedan od najvećih problema suvremenog čovječanstva. Moždani udar, kao najznačajniji predstavnik, treći je uzrok smrtnosti, a prvi uzrok invaliditeta u svijetu.
Moždani udar je akutno stanje koje je uzrokovano oštećenjem moždanih struktura okluzijom arterija s posljedičnom ishemijom pripadajućeg područja krvne žile ili stanje nastalo zbog prsnuća krvne žile sa izljevom u moždani parenhim.
S obzirom na patofiziološke procese dijelimo ga na ishemijski i hemoragijski, a s obzirom na vrijeme trajanja dijelimo ga na TIA-u, RIND, progresivni moždani udar ili potpuni moždani udar.
Simptomi moždanog udara su: smetnje vida u smislu nejasnog vida te pojava dvoslika, trnjenje usana, jezika ili jedne polovice lica i tijela, smetnje govora u smislu poteškoća pri izgovaranju ili razumijevanju govora. motorni deficit s gubitkom snage u jednoj nozi ili ruci ili jednoj polovici tijela, zbunjeno i smeteno stanje, iznenadna jaka glavobolja, dezorijentacija u vremenu i prostoru te promjena stanja svijesti.
Zdravstvena njega bolesnika s moždani udarom prvenstveno je usmjerena na otkrivanje i djelovanje na čimbenike rizika moždanog udara, a potom na očuvanje preostalih sposobnosti nakon moždanog udara te na osposobljavanje, najprije, za aktivnosti samozbrinjavanja, a onda i na zadovoljavanje ostalih ljudskih potreba. Primjenom procesa zdravstvene njege postiže se sustavno i dokumentirano praćenje zdravstvene njege bolesnika s moždanim udarom. U ovom radu je ukratko prikazana utvrđena potreba za zdravstvenom njegom, planiranje, provođenje i evaluacija zdravstvene njege s naglaskom na specifičnost zdravstvene njege bolesnika s moždanim udarom. |
| Abstract (english) | A cerebrovascular diseases, the diseases of the blood vessels, represent today one of the biggest problem of a mankind. The stroke, as one of the most significant representative, is third cause of dead, and the first cause of disability in the world.
A stroke is an acute condition which is caused by damage of brain structures following arterial occlusion with subsequent ischemia of respective territories or situation created due to the rupture of blood vessels with hemorrhage into the brain parenchyma.
Given the pathophysiological processes work took him to ischemic and hemorrhagic, and given the time and duration divided by TIA, RIND, progressive stroke and complete stroke.
Symptoms of stroke include: Vision problems in terms of vague vision or double vision, numbness of the lips, tongue, or one half of the face and body, annoyance speech in terms of difficulty in pronunciation or understanding speech, power deficit with the loss of power in one arm, leg or one half of the body, confused and disoriented state, sudden severe headache especially if it has not occurred, disorientation to time and place and altered mental status.
The health care of the stroke victim is direct on the revealing and activity on the risk factors of the stroke and also on the caring of the other abilities after the stroke and also on the capability, in the first place, for the activities of the self care and then on the satisfaction of the other human needs. Application of the process of the nursing care, we can achieve systematic and documented monitoring of the nursing care of stroke victim. In this work, it's shortly presented the confirmation of the needs for the nursing care, planning, leading and evaluation of the nursing care with an accent on the specifics of the nursing care of the stroke victim. |
