Title Važnost sustava HLA u reumatologiji
Title (english) THE IMPORTANCE OF HLA COMPLEX IN RHEUMATOLOGY
Author Lucija Žuvela
Mentor Esma Čečuk-Jeličić (mentor)
Committee member Esma Čečuk-Jeličić (član povjerenstva)
Committee member Ivana Franić (član povjerenstva)
Committee member Frane Mihanović (predsjednik povjerenstva)
Granter University of Split (University Department of Health Studies) Split
Defense date and country 2017-09-25, Croatia
Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE Clinical Medical Sciences
Abstract Uvod: Glavni sustav tkivne snošljivosti kod čovjeka, nazvan sustav HLA, jedan je od najistraživanijih genskih sustava. Smješten je na kraćem kraku 6. kromosoma i čine ga antigeni i aleli razreda I, II i III. Zbog izrazitog polimorfizma od iznimnog je značaja u transplantacijskoj medicini, populacijskoj genetici i dijagnostici raznih bolesti. Glavna je uloga sustava HLA razlikovanje vlastitih stanica od tuđih te pokretanje adekvatnog imunološkog odgovora pri kontaktu organizma sa stranim antigenima. Autoimune bolesti nastaju kada dođe do zatajenja te osnovne funkcije imunološkog sustava, odnosno kada organizam na vlastite antigene počne reagirati kao na tuđe. Brojni geni sustava HLA u uskoj su korelaciji s pojavom autoimunih bolesti, poput celijakije, dijabetesa tipa I, bolesti štitnjače i više reumatskih bolesti.
Cilj rada: Prikazati iznimnu važnost sustava HLA u dijagnostici te njegovu povezanost s raznim bolestima među kojima su i autoimune bolesti (reumatoidni artritis, psorijatični artritis, sistemska skleroza, celijakija i brojne druge).
Metode: Laboratoriji za tipizaciju tkiva za određivanje gena i antigena sustava HLA koriste serološke metode i metode molekularne biologije. Za određivanje antigena sustava HLA serološkom metodom koristi se test mikrolimfocitotoksičnosti (MLCT), dok se za određivanje alela sustava HLA molekularnim metodama koriste metode PCR – SSP (lančana reakcija polimerazom s početnicama specifičnih sekvenci) ili PCR – SSO (lančana reakcija polimerazom s oligonukleotidima specifičnih sekvenci.
Zaključak: Određivanje antigena i alela sustava HLA u pacijenata s reumatološkim oboljenjima od iznimne je važnosti u dijagnostici i terapiji pacijenta. Usavršavanjem metoda molekularne biologije svakodnevno se dolazi do novih spoznaja o povezanosti sustava HLA i bolesti.
Abstract (english) Introduction: The major histocompatibility complex, named the human leukocyte antigen system, is one of the most researched genetic systems. It is located on the short arm of the 6th. chromosome and it is made of antigens and alleles of class I, II and III. Being highly polymorphic, it is of exceptional importance in fields of transplantation medicine, population genetics and in diagnostics of various diseases. The main role of the HLA system is differentiation between organism's own cells and foreign cells and an adequate initiation of the immune response when in contact with foreign antigens. Autoimmune diseases develop when it comes to failure of the main role of immune system, that is, when an organism fails to recognise its own antigens and starts to react them as to foreign ones, attacking them. Numerous genes of the HLA system are tightly correlated with the development of autoimmune diseases like celiac disease, type I diabetes, thyroid diseases and a number of rheumatic diseases.
Objective: To interpret the extreme importance of the HLA system in disease diagnostics and its correlation to various diseases including autoimmune diseases (rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, systemic sclerosis, celiac disease).
Methods: To determine genes or antigens of the HLA system, tissue typing laboratories use both serological methods and methods of molecular biology. For determination of HLA antigens by serological method the microlymphocitotoxicity test is used (MLCT), while molecular methods for determining the alleles of HLA systems are PCR – SSP (Polymerase Chain Reaction with Specific Sequence Primers) and PCR – SSO (Polymerase Chain Reaction with Specific Sequence Oligonucleotide).
Conclusion: The determination of antigens and alleles of the HLA system in patients with rheumatoid diseases is of exceptional value both in diagnostics and patient's treatment. With the development of molecular biology methods, new findings about the HLA system and its correlation to diseases arise daily.
Keywords
važnost sustava HLA
reumatologija
genetski sustav (ključne riječi unio urednik)
Keywords (english)
importance of HLA system
rheumatology
genetic system (ključne riječi unio urednik)
Language croatian
URN:NBN urn:nbn:hr:176:901610
Study programme Title: Medical Laboratory Diagnostics (university/undergraduate) Study programme type: university Study level: undergraduate Academic / professional title: sveučilišni prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) medicinska laboratorijska dijagnostika (sveučilišni prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) medicinska laboratorijska dijagnostika)
Type of resource Text
File origin Born digital
Access conditions Open access
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Created on 2020-05-08 09:39:28