Diabetes mellitus is a disease characterized by endocrine metabolism disorder. This is a group of metabolic diseases. It is characterized by increased levels of gluoze blood. Hyperglycemia resulting from a defect in insulin secretion or a defect in its function. Nakada is a result of the existence of both disorders. Diabetes mellitus type 1, or insulin-dependent mainly occurs in young adults and children. The annual incidence of diabetes in children aged 0-14 years in different countries of Europe varies greatly. In many regions of the world yearly increase in the incidence of this disease in childhood is 3-5%, and in our country in the last two or three decades observed increase in the incidence of diabetes. Rare in children younger than 12 months. The etiology of this chronic disease is not fully known. It is believed that a number of factors that can lead to its generation. Although the children there are always only the main symptoms but also a number of other general symptoms, the main symptoms of which we indicate diabetes are frequent urination or polyuria, excessive thirst or polydipsia, increased appetite, hunger or polyphagia despite that person's to lose weight, feel fatigued , nausea, itching and genitals are blurred vision. Diagnostic criteria for children are the same as for adults. To confirm a diagnosis sufficient hyperglycemia, glycosuria and ketonuria. Treatment of type 1 diabetes in children and young people includes mandatory application of insulin. To be affected child started with proper treatment it must be taught, and teach their parents the basic principles of treatment. The role of nurses in the health care of patients is of paramount importance, as well as in people with diabetes. The nurse has an important role in the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases, in the education of patients and counseling their families. Education should be approached on an individual basis, taking into account the child's age, IQ, prior knowledge of diabetes, family support.