The postpartum period or puerperium is the postpartum period and lasts for six weeks. It represents one of the most intense periods in a woman’s body. Great physical and mental changes take place. The most common problems in the postpartum period are postpartum hemorrhage, mastitis (inflammation of the breast), cracked nipples , thromboembolism, lack of knowledge of breastfeeding techniques and hygiene, and postpartum grief. At the end of the fourth period of childbirth, the health care of the puerpera will begin. Identifying and planning health care are the first two components of the health care process. It is necessary to take a detailed nursing history in order to determine the current and potential problems in health care for puerpera. The main tasks of midwives are to monitor and control physiological events in puerpera and newborns, as well as education and support. The first visit to the parturient woman should be made as soon as possible, because then the needs of the puerpera in that period are greatest. During the visit, the community nurse (health visitor) assesses the physical and mental condition of the puerpera and in accordance with these assessments, determines the needs and develops a health care plan.