Title Primaljska skrb kod komplikacija u porodu
Title (english) MIDWIFERY CARE DURING COMPLICATION IN LABOR
Author Kristina Gavranić
Mentor Marko Vulić (mentor)
Committee member Diana Aranza (predsjednik povjerenstva)
Committee member Mario Marendić (član povjerenstva)
Committee member Marko Vulić (član povjerenstva)
Granter University of Split (University Department of Health Studies) (Chair of Midwifery) Split
Defense date and country 2020-09-29, Croatia
Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE Clinical Medical Sciences
Abstract Trudnoća i porođaj kao fiziološki procesi u većini slučajeva prolaze bez problema. Međutim, ponekad dolazi do iznenadnih komplikacija koje dovode do hitnih stanja koja mogu ugroziti rodilju i plod. Uočavanje i prepoznavanje znakova koji upućuju na moguće komplikacije, temelj je primaljske skrbi. Kod prijevremenog poroda, važna je prva opskrba i zbrinjavanje novorođenčeta sukladno njegovom stanju. Distocija ramena, fetopelvina disporporcija, nepravilnosti stava i položaja, deflesijski stavovi su stanja koja je bitno na vrijeme uočiti i prepoznati. Često dovode do produljenog poroda. Ispadanje pupkovine je iznimno hitno stanje koje zahtjeva brzu reakciju cijelog tima u cilju sprječavanja neonatalnog mortaliteta.. Jedno od vodećih razloga mortaliteta majke tijekom i/ili nakon poroda je krvarenje. Najčešći uzroci ekstremnog krvarenja neposredno ili za vrijeme poroda su: abnormalnosti implantacije posteljice ; placenta previja, akreta,inkreta,perkreta , abrupcija placente.Teške perinealne (treći ili ĉetvrti stupanj laceracija) i cervikalne laceracijemogu ostaviti kratkoročne i dugoročne posljedice. Odmah poslije poroda se javlja gubitak krvi, potreba za kirurškom obradom rane i bol. Mogućje razvoj hematoma i pojava vaginalnog krvarenja neposredno nakonporoda. Krvarenje je kontinuirano, ne ovisi o kontrakcijama uterusa te je prilikom kliničkog pregleda uterus obično kontrahiran.Spomenuta krvarenja spadaju u hitna stanja jer se u relativno kratkom vremenumože izgubiti veća količina krvi, osobito ako se radi o razdoru cerviksa koji se proteže prema unutarnjem ušću i lateralnim svodovima vagine. Potrebno je nakon poroda i pregleda posteljice, pristupiti reviziji i eksploraciji mekih česti,locirati laceracije i korektno ih kirurški zbrinuti. Preeklampsija je poremećaj nepoznate etiologije, specifičan za trudnoću, koji karakterizira novonastala hipertenzija i proteinurija nakon 20. tjedna trudnoće u prethodno normotenzivnih žena. Eklampsija je iznenadna pojava konvulzija tijekom trudnoće ili babinja povezana s gestacijskom hipertenzijom, proteinurijom, preeklampsijom ili superponiranom preeklampsijom. Kod svih komplikacija u porodu, najvažnije je prepoznavanje znakova te brza intervencija. Osnovne aktivnosti primalje su na vrijeme prepoznati nepravilnosti i znakove koji upućuje na komplikacije. Temelj primaljske skrbi je poznavanje fiziološkog poroda, uočavanje patoloških promjena i sukladno svojim kompetencijama, pravovaljano provođenje postupaka.
Abstract (english) Pregnancy and childbirth as a physiological process in most cases go smoothly. However, sometimes there are sudden complications that lead to conditions that can endanger the women and baby. Observing and recognizing signs that point to possible complications is the foundation of the midwifery care. In premature labor, the first supply and care of the newborn is important in accordance with its condition.Shoulder dystocia, fetopelvic disproportion, irregularity of the posture and position, deflection attitudes are states that are important to notice and recognize in time. They often lead to prolonged birth. The prolapsed umbilical cord is an extremely urgent condition that requires a rapid reaction from the whole team to prevent neonatal mortality. One of the leading causes of mortality during and / or after delivery is bleeding. The most common causes of extreme bleeding directly or during childbirth are: abnormal placenta implantation; the placenta previa, the accreta, the increta, the percreta, the abruption of the placenta. Severe perineal (third or fourth degree of laceration) may be left short-term and long-term consequences. Immediately after birth there is a loss of blood, the need for surgical treatment of early pain. It is possible to develop hematoma and the appearance of vaginal bleeding immediately after delivery. Bleeding is continuous, not dependent on uterine contractions and is usually contractioned during uterine examination. These bleeds fall into an emergency because relatively large amounts of blood can be lost in relatively short periods of time, especially if there is a disruption of the cervix which is protected against the inner lining and the lateral veins of the vagina . It is needed after postpartum placement and placement examination, access audit and soft exploration, locate lacerations and correctly surgically care for them. Preeclampsia is a disorder of unknown etiology, specific to pregnancy, characterized by newly developed hypertension and proteinuria after the 20th week of pregnancy in previously normotensive women. Eclampsia is the sudden onset of convulsions during pregnancy or postpartum period with gestational hypertension, proteinuria, preeclampsia, or superimposed preeclampsia. In all the complications at birth, the most important is character recognition and rapid intervention. The primary midwife activity is to recognize irregularities and signs of complications in time. The basis of the midwifery care is knowledge of physiological birth, the observation of pathological changes and in accordance with their competences, the proper conduct of the procedures.
Keywords
komplikacije
porod
primalja
trudnoća
Keywords (english)
complications
chilbirth
midwife
pregnancy
Language croatian
URN:NBN urn:nbn:hr:176:418031
Study programme Title: Midwifery (university/undergraduate) Study programme type: university Study level: undergraduate Academic / professional title: sveučilišni prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) primaljstva (sveučilišni prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) primaljstva)
Type of resource Text
File origin Born digital
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Created on 2021-02-02 10:04:14