The aim of this paper was to offer an insight into the usefulness and use of imaging methods for brain imaging of lung cancer patients diagnosed at the General Hospital Dubrovnik in the period from 2021 to 2022. Lung cancer is pathohistologically divided into 2 main groups: NSCLC (non-small cell lung cancer), which accounts for about 85% of lung cancer cases, and SCLC (small cell lung cancer), which accounts for about 15% of lung cancer cases. Smoking is the main risk factor for developing lung cancer. SCLC is a much more aggressive type of lung cancer that is characterized by weaker tumor cell differentiation and a worse clinical picture. NSCLC is usually less sensitive to chemotherapy and radiation therapy than SCLC, but compared to NSCLC, SCLC is more aggressive with a shorter doubling time, higher growth rate, and earlier development of metastases. Radiological diagnostics play an extremely important role in the detection, monitoring and treatment of patients with lung cancer. Timely diagnosis of cancer at an early stage is a key factor in improving the prognosis of cancer patients. Expert oncology guidelines recommend initial radiological imaging of the brain with MR or CT of the brain in all patients diagnosed with stage II or higher stages of lung cancer. Despite the guidelines, primarily due to logistical reasons and lack of resources, initial imaging of the brain is often used in clinical practice mostly in symptomatic patients. The presence of brain implants at the time of diagnosis significantly affects the treatment strategy and prognosis of the patient. In our case, out of a total of 107 patients with lung cancer, initial brain imaging (CT/MR of the brain) was performed in 40 out of 73 patients (54.8%) with NSCLC and in 19 out of 25 patients (76% ) with SCLC. The initial imaging diagnostics (CT/MR) of the brain performed in our patients in the mentioned period revealed the presence of brain metastases in as many as 31.6% of patients with SCLC, which is in accordance with literature data, according to which as many as 80% of patients with SCLC have proven brain metastases present within two years of diagnosis. Brain metastases were found in 37.5% of NSCLC patients, so we can say that the frequency of NSCLC patients with brain metastases is somewhat higher compared to literature data, according to which metastases are initially present in 20% of NSCLC patients brain, and the frequency increases up to 50% over time. In conclusion, initial imaging of the brain is an indispensable diagnostic procedure in most patients with lung cancer.